A comprehensive footprint assessment includes manufacturing emissions. According to estimates by the International Energy Agency, manufacturing a modern gasoline car generates approximately 10.8 tonnes of CO₂, while an electric vehicle (EV) equipped with a 60 kWh battery generates approximately 15.6 tonnes. Historically, producing a classic car generated an estimated 5 tonnes of CO₂. A significant portion of EV production emissions comes from battery manufacturing, which can contribute up to 70% of initial manufacturing emissions due to material extraction and processing.
 

​The carbon footprint of lithium-ion batteries varies based on materials and grid energy sources used during production. For example, producing an 80 kWh battery is estimated to generate between 2,400 kg and 16,000 kg of CO₂, depending on energy grid composition during manufacturing.

For this reason, we offer a way to retire carbon credits toward an EV’s estimated production footprint.